Theatrical Metamorphosis: Naturalism’s Legacy in Shaping Scenic Design Narratives

The late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries were periods of global transformation, marked by significant scientific, political, and economic breakthroughs. These changes profoundly influenced various aspects of society. This article examines the shifts in theatrical presentation during this era, focusing specifically on the role and impact of Naturalism in scenic design. The objective was to explore the origins, components, and impact of Naturalism on set design. In tracing the history of scenic design from classical to modern times, this paper highlights the influence of Naturalism on modern theatre. The paper adopts a historical and analytical approach, examining the works and theories of renowned designers. Through the analysis of primary and secondary sources, the study explores the evolution of scenic design, focusing on the contributions of prominent figures of the period. The findings reveal that Naturalism significantly shaped scenic design by emphasizing a meticulous portrayal of everyday life. It challenged romantic and idealistic styles, advocating for realistic representation. The study highlights how Naturalist designers strived to create set designs that mirrored reality with high fidelity evident in the works of figures such as Emile Zola, who championed a return to nature and humanity through direct observation and accurate representation. The article underscores the impact of Naturalism on modern scenic design. By bridging the gap between evolving theatrical trends and the broader socio-scientific landscape, Naturalism transformed the aesthetic dimensions of theatre and enhanced its capacity to reflect and critique contemporary life and the legacy continues to influence theatrical practices today.